Create a coin collection mechanic

The following sections describe how the script works in more detail.

Initialize services and variables

Like with a lot of the code you've probably written in other languages, you define variables that you need later at the top of the script. Our code does the following:

• Obtain service instances - Roblox services provide built-in functionality for common features. The script first obtains instances of the Workspace service, which contains every object in the 3D world, and the Player service, which manages and contains all players connected to your game.
• Obtain references to all coins - The script then queries the 3D workspace for all references to coin objects with the GetChildren() method. This method returns an array containing everything parented to the object it's associated with, which in this case is the Workspace.World.Coins folder you created previously.
• Defines a global variable - The COOLDOWN variable is used later to define how long to disable a coin after it's collected.

   local Workspace = game:GetService("Workspace")
   local Players = game:GetService("Players")

   local coinsFolder = Workspace.World.Coins
   local coins = coinsFolder:GetChildren()

   local COOLDOWN = 10
   ...

Define the event handler

The Roblox Engine physically simulates the 3D world and handles a lot of the logic to handle events related to rendering, physics, and networking. When you're interested in scripting your own logic during some of these events, you can listen for and handle them, while letting the engine do the rest. In this case, you listen for and handle events related to coins being touched. The script defines the logic for handling this event in the onCoinTouched() method, which does the following:

• Detects whether the coin is enabled - Every Instance has an Enabled boolean attribute that defines whether or not the object exists in the 3D world. You can get instance attributes with the GetAttribute() method.
• Detects whether a player touched the coin - If a coin is enabled, the method uses the player service to check if the object that touched the coin was indeed a player. When a touch event occurs, the Roblox Engine passes the object that touched the coin as an otherPart parameter. The script checks to see if the parent of otherPart belongs to a player.
• Disables the coin if a player touched it, and re-enables it after 10 seconds - Finally, if a player touched the coin, the method disables the coin, waits for 10 seconds, and then re-enables the coin for collection. task.wait() is used instead of wait() because it provides better performance by not pausing code execution entirely, allowing tasks in other threads to run concurrently.

   local function onCoinTouched(otherPart, coin)
      if coin:GetAttribute("Enabled") then
         local character = otherPart.Parent
         local player = Players:GetPlayerFromCharacter(character)
         if player then
            -- Player touched a coin
            coin.Transparency = 1
            coin:SetAttribute("Enabled", false)
            print("Player collected coin")
            task.wait(COOLDOWN)
            coin.Transparency = 0
            coin:SetAttribute("Enabled", true)
         end
      end
   end

Connect the event handler

All simulated 3D objects inherit from BasePart and therefore have a Touched() event. The following loop connects the onTouchedEvent() handler to every coin's touch event by doing the following:

• Loop through all the coins - Loop through each of the coins using general iteration.
• Connect the handler to the event - In each iteration of the loop, the coin is enabled by default, so it's visible in the 3D world during the initial start of the game. The onCoinTouched() handler method is also connected to the Touched event of the coin so that it runs every time the event occurs. When the engine detects a touch, it also passes in the object that touched the object, otherPart.

   for _, coin in coins do
      coin:SetAttribute("Enabled", true)
      coin.Touched:Connect(function(otherPart)
         onCoinTouched(otherPart, coin)
      end)
   end